Vaccination+Figure+Reference


 * References:**

Barr, I.G., McCauley, J., Cox, N., Daniels, R., Engelhardt, O.G., Fukuda, K., Grohmann, G., Hay, A., Kelso, A., Klimov, A., Odagiri, T., Smith, D., Russell, C., Tashiro, M., Webby, R., Wood, J., Ye, Z. & Zhang, W. 2010, "Epidemiological, antigenic and genetic characteristics of seasonal influenza A(H1N1), A(H3N2) and B influenza viruses: Basis for the WHO recommendation on the composition of influenza vaccines for use in the 2009–2010 Northern Hemisphere season", //Vaccine,// vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 1156-1167.

Chaussee, M.S., Sandbulte, H.R., Schuneman, M.J., DePaula, F.P., Addengast, L.A., Schlenker, E.H. & Huber, V.C. 2011, "Inactivated and live, attenuated influenza vaccines protect mice against influenza:Streptococcus pyogenes super-infections", //Vaccine,// vol. 29, no. 21, pp. 3773-3781.

History of Vaccines.com, College of Physicians of Philadelphia, 2011. []

Ligocyte, Pharmaceuticals Inc. Virus Like Particles. 2011 []

National Institute of Allergies and infectious Diseases, understanding Vaccines. []

Novavax, Virus like Particles. 2011 []

Robertson, J.S., Nicolson, C., Harvey, R., Johnson, R., Major, D., Guilfoyle, K., Roseby, S., Newman, R., Collin, R., Wallis, C., Engelhardt, O.G., Wood, J.M., Le, J., Manojkumar, R., Pokorny, B.A., Silverman, J., Devis, R., Bucher, D., Verity, E., Agius, C., Camuglia, S., Ong, C., Rockman, S., Curtis, A., Schoofs, P., Zoueva, O., Xie, H., Li, X., Lin, Z., Ye, Z., Chen, L., O’Neill, E., Balish, A., Lipatov, A.S., Guo, Z., Isakova, I., Davis, C.T., Rivailler, P., Gustin, K.M., Belser, J.A., Maines, T.R., Tumpey, T.M., Xu, X., Katz, J.M., Klimov, A., Cox, N.J. & Donis, R.O. 2011, "The development of vaccine viruses against pandemic A(H1N1) influenza", //Vaccine,// vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1836-1843.

U.S Food and Drug Administration, Blood, Vaccines and Biologics. [] Wikipedia/inoculation. [|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inoculation#China]

World Health Organisation. "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 - Update 112." @http://www.who.int/csr/don/2010_08_06/en/index.html (accessed 09/17, 2011).

World Health Organisation. Influenza vaccine, viruses and reagents. [] Zakay-Rondes, Z., E. Thome, T. Wollan, and J. Wadstein. "Randomized Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Elderberry Extract in the Treatment of Influenza A and B Virus Infections." //The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine// 1, no. 4 (2007): 361-369.


 * Vaccination Figure References:**

 __//Influenza Home Page://__ Figure 3: Influenza vaccines. Online Medicine tips, (2006), //infant Vaccination Schedule// [ONLINE]. Available at: __http://www.onlinemedicinetips.com/images/Infant-Vaccination-Schedule.jpg__ [Accessed 17 November 11].

 //__Vaccination Home Page__:// Figure 1: Image showing CDC (Center for Disease Control) Clinic Chief Nurse Lee Ann Jean-Louis extracting Influenza Virus Vaccine, Fluzone® from a 5 ml vial. Jim Gathany, (2003), //Fluzone vaccine extracting// [ONLINE]. Available at: __http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/details.asp__ [Accessed 17 November 11].

 //__Types of Vaccines__:// Figure 1: Image depicting the process of creating an inactivated influenza vaccine, as well as addressing commonly asked questions of who should be vaccinated and myths surrounding vaccination. Brenna Sink, Bayer College of Medicine. World book Health & Medical Annual.

__//Live, Attenuated Vaccines://__ Figure 1: Diagram depicting how the process of reassortment is used to create a vaccine. National Institute of Allergy and infectious Diseases, (2011), //reassortment illustration// [ONLINE]. Available at: __http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/flu/research/basic/pages/reassortmentillustration.aspx__ [Accessed 17 November 11].

Figure 2: Diagram depicting the process of making an avian flu vaccine through the process of reverse genetics. National Institute of Allergy and infectious Diseases, (2011), //Reverse gentics illustration // [ONLINE]. Available at: __http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/Flu/Research/basic/Pages/ReverseGeneticsIllustration.aspx__ [Accessed 17 November 11].

 //__History of Vaccines__:// Figure 1: One way the Chinese may have practiced inoculation (also known as variolation) was by scratching matter from a smallpox sore into a healthy person's arm. Note that the source uses the term //vaccination// here, which is incorrect. The Historical Medical Library of The College of Physicians of Philadelphia, 1913, The History of Inoculation and Vaccination for the Prevention and Treatment of Disease. Lecture Memoranda. A.M.A. Meeting, Minneapolis. Burroughs Wellcome and Co. London, 1913.

Figure 2: A portrait of the Lady Montagu. Sir Godfrey Kneller, 1715, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, detail of an oil painting by Sir Godfrey Kneller, 1715; in a private collection Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley. //Encyclopædia Britannica Online//. []

Figure 3: Building off contemporary folk wisdom, Englishman Edward Jenner tested vaccination against smallpox on various patients. Note the bovine observer at the door. Courtesy of the Science Photo Library.

Figure 4: Image of the attenuated influenza vaccine, //Flumist//, given to the Smithsonian Institute of Science for its collection of vaccines. Smithsonian Institute of Science, (2009), //Flumist// [ONLINE]. Available at: __http://smithsonianscience.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/FluMist_1.jpg__ [Accessed 17 November 11].

 //__How Vaccines Work__:// Figure 1: Image displays a generalisation of how a vaccine works, the first image shows introduction of vaccine, the second displays the stimulation of the immune system. The third shows the antibodies ready to respond if the same virus is encountered again. Mayo Clinic, (2011), //immunisation// [ONLINE]. Available at: __http://www.riversideonline.com/source/images/image_popup/id7_immunization.jpg__ [Accessed 17 November 11].

 //__The Seasonal 'Flu Shot'__:// Figure 1: Logo of the World Health Organisation, a body of the U.N, which monitors the health of the global community. []

Figure 2: Scientist injecting viral strains into an egg, using this method it may take up to 6 months for a vaccine to be made. Steven Salzberg, University of Maryland, //Nature// **454**, 160-161 (10 July 2008) | doi:10.1038/454160a ; Published online 9 July 2008 []